Economics Books

Dive into the dynamic world of economics with our wide array of books in the Economics collection. From global financial systems to local economic policies, our selection offers insights by leading economists and scholars.

2775 Results

Switch between grid and list views for a better book browsing experience!

2775 Results

No results

Pre-Commerce: How Companies and Customers Are Transforming Business Together

$3.90

Unit price
per

If you're looking to understand the modern marketplace where customer interaction is key, "Pre-Commerce" is essential. Bob Pearson offers a forward-thinking analysis on how social media shapes purchasing decisions and brand loyalty. It's not just about transactional e-commerce; it's a deep dive into engaging customers throughout their entire online journey, perfectly suited for business leaders and marketers eager to evolve with the digital age.
International Marketing : An SME Perspective - Thryft
Linden Brown, Richard Fletcher, Sean De Burca  | Pearson College Div

International Marketing : An SME Perspective

Regular price $30.90 $4.90 84% off

Unit price
per

Goodreads rating: 4.0

Regular price $30.90 $4.90 84% off

Unit price
per

98% off est. retail
This book provides a comprehensive coverage of practical marketing planning and strategies that cater to the growing SMEs. With emphasis on technology and a network perspective, readers can gain real-life examples from case studies and Instructor's Manual.

$45.90

Unit price
per

If you're delving into the financial world and find yourself intrigued by the mechanisms of investment and risk management, "Credit Derivatives" by Janet Tavakoli is your essential guide. Tavakoli makes the complex world of credit derivatives accessible, providing not just the theory but the practical applications that can transform the way you approach financial strategies. Whether you're a seasoned finance professional or new to the field, this book's clarity and comprehensive coverage will enhance your understanding and proficiency in this rapidly evolving sector.
Fundamentals of Financial Management : Theory and Practice - Thryft
Eugene F. Brigham | South-western College Pub

Fundamentals of Financial Management : Theory and Practice

Regular price $28.90 $7.90 73% off

Unit price
per

Goodreads rating: 3.55

Regular price $28.90 $7.90 73% off

Unit price
per

98% off est. retail
Fundamentals of Financial Management is a comprehensive guide to various aspects of corporate finance. It explains important financial concepts in simple, easy-to-understand terms and uses real-world examples and case studies to illustrate these concepts. This book is highly recommended for business students, financial analysts, and anyone interested in gaining a better understanding of finance and investing.
Marketing Channels: A Management View - Thryft

$62.90

Unit price
per

90% off est. retail
If delving into the intricacies of marketing channels and decision-making fascinates you, "Marketing Channels: A Management View" might just be your next great read. Bert Rosenbloom's expertise delivers an insightful blend of theory and practical application, all while addressing the swift technological and cultural shifts in the industry. This book equips you with a managerial perspective that's vital for navigating today's complex marketing landscapes.
Operations Management - Thryft

Regular price $8.90 $3.90 56% off

Unit price
per

Operations Management isn't just a textbook; it's a deep dive into the heartbeat of every business. If you're looking to understand the nitty-gritty of making a company run smoothly and want to master skills like minimizing waste and optimizing resources, then the concepts and case studies here could transform the way you see the business world. Whether you're a student or a manager, this book is a significant step towards operational excellence.
Regis Touch - Thryft
Regis McKenna | Basic Books

Regis Touch

Regular price $5.90 $3.90 34% off

Unit price
per

Goodreads rating: 3.71

Regular price $5.90 $3.90 34% off

Unit price
per

84% off est. retail
Regis Touch is a must-read for anyone interested in learning about strategic marketing techniques. With its proven methods for market positioning and creating new markets, readers will gain valuable insight into maintaining a flexible market plan. McKenna's teachings offer a timeless approach that is still relevant today, making it a valuable resource for businesses looking to stay ahead of the competition.
International Joint Venture Management : Learning to Cooperate and Cooperating to Learn - Thryft

Regular price $15.90 $4.90 69% off

Unit price
per

96% off est. retail
This book is an essential read for business professionals interested in entering joint ventures or practitioners in strategic planning. It offers valuable insights into making joint ventures work by linking them to present thinking on organizational learning and knowledge management. It highlights the key factors of success in joint venture management by focusing on strategy development, structuring, cultural awareness, and human resource management. Using a range of international cases, the book presents an effective model for implementing a successful joint venture management strategy.
Channel Champions : How Leading Companies Build New Strategies to Serve Customers - Thryft

$3.90

Unit price
per

92% off est. retail
The book explores the success of "Channel Champions" such as Dell, Lexus, and Amazon.com and how they excelled in the channel-driven economy by focusing on customer service and exploring new channels like e-commerce. It is a must-read for anyone who wants to understand what it takes to thrive in today's channel-based economy.
Money for the Bank: A Banker's Guide to Marketing

$39.90

Unit price
per

Whether you're starting out in banking or looking to refine your approach, "Money for the Bank" could be your practical companion on the journey. Peter Geldart shares hard-earned insights that demystify the daunting world of banking marketing. With his guidance, you can learn the ropes from someone who's climbed them, and potentially shorten your path to success.
Global Financial Regulation: The Essential Guide

$18.90

Unit price
per

55% off est. retail
If the intricate web of global financial regulation seems daunting, "Global Financial Regulation: The Essential Guide" could be your compass. Howard Davies and David Green demystify the labyrinthine systems that influence markets and financial stability worldwide. Stripping away the mysteries of international oversight makes it a critical read for aspiring financial professionals, policymakers, or anyone who seeks a clearer understanding of the forces shaping today's economic landscape.
Business Accounting: v. 1 - Thryft
Frank Wood | Financial Times Prentice Hall

Business Accounting: v. 1

Regular price $7.90 $3.90 51% off

Unit price
per

Goodreads rating: 0.0

Regular price $7.90 $3.90 51% off

Unit price
per

The Search: How Google and Its Rivals Rewrote the Rules of Business and Transformed Our Culture

Regular price $14.90 $9.90 34% off

Unit price
per

75% off est. retail
If you're fascinated by the giant strides in the digital world, particularly how search engines have become integral to our daily lives, "The Search" is for you. John Battelle offers a rare glimpse into Google's ascent and its profound influence on business and culture. It's an eye-opening read for anyone curious about the backdrop of the technology we so often take for granted.
Rich Dad's Guide to Investing: What the Rich Invest In, That the Poor and the Middle Class Do Not!

Regular price $10.90 $9.71 11% off

Unit price
per

If you've ever wanted to understand the investing strategies that can create and sustain wealth, this guide offers that window. Robert Kiyosaki doesn't just talk theory; he provides actionable advice that differentiates the financial habits of the rich from the rest. It's like getting an insider's view on money management that can change your approach to investing and possibly your financial destiny.
The Asian Advantage
George S. Yip | Basic Books

The Asian Advantage

$21.90

Unit price
per

Goodreads rating: 3.5

$21.90

Unit price
per

64% off est. retail
If you're intrigued by how cultural values shape success, "The Asian Advantage" might resonate with you. It delves into the societal and familial influences that have arguably propelled Asian-Americans in various fields. This book could spark thought-provoking conversations on privilege, work ethic, and the complex layers of identity.
A Bull in China: Investing Profitably in the World's Greatest Market

$4.90

Unit price
per

For anyone fascinated by global economics, "A Bull in China" could be a treasure trove. Jim Rogers, a man who's been on China's economic trail since the '80s, shares his wealth of knowledge on how to capitalize on what may be the century's biggest boom. It's not just facts and figures; it's an action plan for those looking to dive into a market that's bustling with potential. Whether you're an investor or simply curious about economic strategies, this book could change the way you see the world’s next financial frontier.
Retailing - Thryft

Retailing

Regular price $18.90 $5.90 69% off

Unit price
per

Regular price $18.90 $5.90 69% off

Unit price
per

94% off est. retail
This book is a comprehensive guide to anyone interested in retailing. It covers a range of topics, from small businesses to data-based marketing and relationship retailing. Dale Lewison's Retailing is an informative and insightful read, perfect for entrepreneurs and business enthusiasts who want to gain an in-depth understanding of the retail industry.
International Finance, Global Edition - Thryft
Bruce G. Resnick, Cheol S. Eun  | Mcgraw Hill Higher Education

International Finance, Global Edition

Regular price $20.90 $3.90 81% off

Unit price
per

Goodreads rating: 2.2

Regular price $20.90 $3.90 81% off

Unit price
per

97% off est. retail
This is a highly recommended textbook for business majors who want to learn a thorough understanding of how businesses tackle international financial challenges. The book is especially useful for those interested in careers in finance, as it presents a managerial perspective on decision making that is relevant in today's dynamic global economy. The clear writing style and numerous real-life examples make this textbook accessible and engaging to students.
Macroeconomics and the Real World: Vol 2 Keynesian Economics, Unemployment, and Policy

$66.90

Unit price
per

78% off est. retail
If you're keen on diving into the intricacies of Keynesian economics and understanding how unemployment and policy shape our economic landscape, this book is a treasure trove. It bridges the gap between complex macroeconomic theories and real-world implications, presented by authorities in the field. Whether you're a student, academic, or policy enthusiast, this volume will enlighten you about the practicality of econometric methods and provoke thought about their impact on everyday economic issues.
Keeping Score - Using The Right Metrics To Drive World-Class Performance - Thryft
Mark Graham Brown | Quality Resources

Keeping Score - Using The Right Metrics To Drive World-Class Performance

Regular price $7.90 $3.90 51% off

Unit price
per

Goodreads rating: 3.52

Regular price $7.90 $3.90 51% off

Unit price
per

93% off est. retail
This book is a must-read for anyone who wants to improve their organization's performance. By teaching you how to identify the right metrics and measure them effectively, "Keeping Score" provides a practical framework for achieving success. With its emphasis on customer satisfaction, product quality, and employee engagement, this book will guide you in creating a measurement system that truly reflects your organization's goals. Through its step-by-step approach and insightful examples, "Keeping Score" equips you with the tools necessary to drive continuous improvement and achieve world-class performance.
Jack A Ward - Thryft
Jack A. Ward | West Pub. Co

Jack A Ward

Regular price $5.90 $3.90 34% off

Unit price
per

Goodreads rating: 0.0

Regular price $5.90 $3.90 34% off

Unit price
per

Jack A. Ward's textbook is an excellent resource for law students who are looking for a clear understanding of the basics. The book effectively conveys essential information that is easy to comprehend and apply. With its well-organized structure and comprehensive content, students will find this textbook to be an invaluable tool in their studies."
Madoff - The Man Who Stole $65 Billion
Erin Arvedlund | Penguin Books

Madoff - The Man Who Stole $65 Billion

$9.90

Unit price
per

Goodreads rating: 3.46

$9.90

Unit price
per

If you're curious about the intricate details of history's greatest Ponzi scheme, this book will feed your curiosity. Arvedlund's 'Madoff' isn't just facts and figures—it's a compelling narrative that captures the gravitas of betrayal at the highest levels. You'll step behind the curtain of the financial wizardry that duped the world, understanding greed's dire consequences through a meticulously researched account that reads like a thriller. Perfect for anyone interested in finance or true crime sagas.
How I Made £2,000,000 in the Stock Market: The Darvas System for Stock Market Profits

$6.90

Unit price
per

If you're intrigued by the blend of personal journey and financial advice, "How I Made £2,000,000 In The Stock Market" could be a thrilling read for you. Nicolas Darvas wasn't just an economist; he was a man driven by necessity and curiosity, who turned his situation into a success. His "Box System" isn't just a dry set of rules; it's a story of discovery that has withstood the test of time, promising not just insights but inspiration for your own financial adventures.
Accounting for Specialized Industries and Operations in Singapore

$15.90

Unit price
per

If you're delving into the intricacies of Singapore's business landscape, this comprehensive book by Meng Hye Lee can be an invaluable resource. Not only will it provide you with detailed insights into accounting for specialized industries, but it will also equip you with operational knowledge pertinent to the region's unique business environment. It's a must-have for professionals seeking to master accounting standards and practices in Singapore.
Personnel Economics for Managers
Lazear, Edward P. Lazear  | Wiley

Personnel Economics for Managers

Regular price $22.90 $7.90 66% off

Unit price
per

Goodreads rating: 3.6

Regular price $22.90 $7.90 66% off

Unit price
per

96% off est. retail
Personnel Economics for Managers is a go-to resource for managers who want to develop effective personnel management strategies based on sound economic principles. Lazear uses economics to provide insights into human resource management, exploring recruitment, downsizing, performance evaluations, and other topics in detail. He emphasizes that human resource systems function best as an entire structure, with no single department operating independently. For managers seeking a deeper understanding of how to build successful, economically-driven human resource systems, Personnel Economics for Managers is an invaluable guide.
The New Corporate Finance: Where Theory Meets Practice - Thryft
Jr. [Editor] Donald H. Chew | Mcgraw-hill, Inc.

The New Corporate Finance: Where Theory Meets Practice

Regular price $39.90 $7.90 80% off

Unit price
per

Goodreads rating: 3.38

Regular price $39.90 $7.90 80% off

Unit price
per

88% off est. retail
If you're navigating the complex territory of corporate finance, "The New Corporate Finance" serves as an indispensable compass. It's where the theoretical frameworks that shape financial thinking meet the practical challenges you face every day, making it particularly valuable for professionals who aim to enrich their strategic financial decisions.
Marketing Strategy : A Decision-Focused Approach - Thryft
Orville C. Walker | Mcgraw-hill Education / Australia

Marketing Strategy : A Decision-Focused Approach

Regular price $18.68 $8.03 57% off

Unit price
per

Goodreads rating: 0.0

Regular price $18.68 $8.03 57% off

Unit price
per

Marketing Strategy - A Decision-Focused Approach / Text Only (4th, 03) by [Paperback (2003)]
Longman A-Level Course in Economics: The Economic Framework

$14.90

Unit price
per

Diving into the complexities of economics can be daunting, but this textbook could be just the ally you need. It's structured to build your understanding from the ground up, assuming no prior knowledge, and is prized for distilling intricate economic principles into digestible pieces. It could be the perfect companion for acing your A-Levels, enhancing your grasp on both theory and real-world applications.
Creating Strategic Leverage: Matching Company Strengths with Market Opportunities

$20.90

Unit price
per

79% off est. retail
This book could be a good read for business owners who are looking to gain a competitive edge in their industry. With its focus on analyzing industry structure and determining a company's position within it, this book offers clear solutions for developing and communicating a successful strategy. The case studies from industry giants such as AT&T and Federal Express provide practical examples of how to apply these concepts in real-world settings.
Auditing
Alvin A. Arens | Prentice Hall Direct

Auditing

Regular price $10.90 $7.90 28% off

Unit price
per

Goodreads rating: 4.04

Regular price $10.90 $7.90 28% off

Unit price
per

74% off est. retail
If you're looking to understand the intricacies of auditing or are a student needing to ace that looming exam, this book proves to be an invaluable resource. With its clear explanations and practical approach, it breaks down complex concepts into digestible content that guides you towards a thorough grasp of auditing practices.
Pocket World in Figures - Thryft
NILL | Economist Books

Pocket World in Figures

Regular price $12.90 $3.90 70% off

Unit price
per

Goodreads rating: 4.06

Regular price $12.90 $3.90 70% off

Unit price
per

82% off est. retail
If you enjoy absorbing an array of global trivia and statistics, "Pocket World in Figures" could be your next favorite treasure trove. Imagine settling debates, enhancing your knowledge for quizzes, or just satisfying your curiosity about international comparisons. This book distills diverse information into accessible bites, perfect for anyone aiming to be worldly-wise.
Macroeconomics for Global Economies

$40.90

Unit price
per

If you're fascinated by the intricate tapestry of global economies and how countries are interlinked financially, "Macroeconomics for Global Economies" by Jeffrey Sachs and Felipe Larrain B. is your ticket to a deeper understanding. It's perfect for anyone studying economics or anyone in the financial sector looking to grasp the complexities of how macroeconomic factors influence the world stage.
Mayors and Money					Fiscal Policy in New York and Chicago
							- American Politics and Political Economy Series - Thryft

Regular price $20.90 $5.90 72% off

Unit price
per

90% off est. retail
If you're captivated by the intricacies of urban fiscal policy and how it shapes cities, "Mayors and Money" offers a compelling comparative study. It's a deep dive into the economic trajectories of New York and Chicago, shedding light on the political decisions that led them down divergent paths. Vital for anyone interested in urban studies or political economy.
Electronic Commerce - Thryft
Gary P. Schneider, James T. Perry  | Course Technology

Electronic Commerce

Regular price $5.90 $3.90 34% off

Unit price
per

Goodreads rating: 3.6

Regular price $5.90 $3.90 34% off

Unit price
per

96% off est. retail
This book is a must-read for anyone interested in understanding the complexities of electronic commerce. With a balanced blend of technical and business topics, it provides a comprehensive introduction to this rapidly growing field. The inclusion of real-world case studies and examples makes it easier to grasp the concepts and apply them in practical scenarios. Whether you're a business professional looking to implement e-commerce strategies or a tech enthusiast curious about the workings of online transactions, this book has got you covered. So dive in and unravel the secrets of electronic commerce!
Southeast Asia: The Long Road Ahead

$9.90

Unit price
per

If you're looking to understand the economic fabric of Southeast Asia from a vantage point that blends deeply informed expertise and high-level policy involvement, Chong-Yah Lim's book is a noteworthy companion. Through its analysis covering triumphs and crises, the text provides not just a historical lens but also theoretical frameworks useful for scholars, policy-makers, or anyone interested in the region's economic development and future. This book has been praised for its authoritativeness and insight, making it a substantial read for those invested in the complexities and narratives of Southeast Asia's economies.
Asian Values, Western Dreams: Understanding the New Asia - Thryft
Greg Sheridan | Allen & Unwin

Asian Values, Western Dreams: Understanding the New Asia

Regular price $12.32 $4.90 60% off

Unit price
per

Goodreads rating: 2.75

Regular price $12.32 $4.90 60% off

Unit price
per

89% off est. retail
"Asian Values, Western Dreams" isn't just a study; it's a journey that brings you face to face with the dynamic tensions shaping modern Asia. Greg Sheridan invites you to look beyond stereotypes and experience the region's cultures and conflicts through a tapestry of firsthand narratives. This book might be an indispensable companion for understanding how Asia carves its own path, all while you traverse its vivid landscapes from your armchair.
In Defense of Globalization
Just Arrived

$11.90

Unit price
per

74% off est. retail
If you've been wrestling with the concept of globalization and its true impact on the world, "In Defense of Globalization" could offer some clarity. It's not just another dry economic treatise; it's a thoughtful exploration that might change your perspective on international trade and cultural exchange. Worthwhile for anyone interested in the intersection of economics, politics, and culture.
Economics
John Sloman | Financial Times/ Prentice Hall

Economics

Regular price $23.90 $11.90 50% off

Unit price
per

Goodreads rating: 3.96

Regular price $23.90 $11.90 50% off

Unit price
per

83% off est. retail
Sloman's Economics has an exciting and relevant approach to an otherwise dull and intimidating subject. The book offers a straightforward writing style with numerous real-world examples to help students understand economics theory, which makes it an ideal choice for those who find the subject difficult to comprehend. Whether you are a student or someone interested in economics, this book provides a comprehensive and engaging introduction to the subject that will keep you hooked till the very end.
International Marketing - Thryft
Kristiaan Helsen, Masaaki Kotabe, Swee Hoon Ang  | Wiley

International Marketing

Regular price $11.90 $5.90 50% off

Unit price
per

Goodreads rating: 4.0

Regular price $11.90 $5.90 50% off

Unit price
per

If you're delving into the intricacies of international marketing, this text is a trove of contemporary knowledge tailored to the dynamic Asia-Pacific market. Its engaging style translates complex marketing concepts into accessible information, reflecting current trends and competitive strategies that resonate with students and professionals looking to gain a foothold in global commerce.
The Peasant and the Raj: Studies in Agrarian Society and Peasant Rebellion in Colonial India
If you're intrigued by the interplay between agriculture and colonial power dynamics, "The Peasant and the Raj" offers a profound dive into the often overlooked lives of Indian peasants during British rule. Eric Stokes meticulously unravels the threads of civil unrest that contributed to the pivotal 1857 Mutiny. This collection of essays could change the way you understand the socio-economic impacts of colonialism and the resilience of rural societies.
Workbook/Study Guide for Use With Managerial Accounting : Concepts for Planning, Control, Decision Making - Thryft

Regular price $7.90 $3.90 51% off

Unit price
per

This workbook is an essential companion for students studying managerial accounting. With a comprehensive coverage of concepts and real-world examples, it helps students relate the material to working managers. The balance of service and manufacturing organizations, as well as the inclusion of e-commerce and e-tailers, ensures relevance in today's business world. The clear and well-written supplements provided by the author team make this study guide a reliable resource for students seeking to excel in their managerial accounting course.
Branding in Asia: The Creation, Development, and Management of Asian Brands for the Global Market

Regular price $38.90 $10.90 72% off

Unit price
per

76% off est. retail
"Branding in Asia" might be your compass in the intriguing world of Asian brand development for the global arena. Temporal’s expertise shines as he applies global branding principles within the unique fabric of Asian culture. His collection of case studies lends credence to the idea that Asia could be the next breeding ground for worldwide megabrands. It might just change the way you view brand potential on a global scale, particularly through an Asian lens.
Frugal California From $60 A Day, 1st Edition - Thryft

$3.90

Unit price
per

85% off est. retail
If you're looking to explore California on a budget, Frugal California From $60 A Day, 1st Edition is an excellent guide to help you plan your trip. From affordable accommodations to dining options, this book covers it all. It also includes a complete budget sightseeing guide, from Gold Country towns to the San Diego Zoo. The most unique feature of this book is how it covers some of the best places in California while keeping it under budget.
Macmillan Encyclopedia Science Rvsd Vol8 - Thryft
Robin Kerrod Andromeda

Macmillan Encyclopedia Science Rvsd Vol8

Regular price $11.90 $3.90 67% off

Unit price
per

Goodreads rating: 0.0

Regular price $11.90 $3.90 67% off

Unit price
per

93% off est. retail
MacMillan Encyclopedia of Science, Volume 8: Industry
The Global Me: New Cosmopolitans and the Competitive Edge - Picking Globalism's Winners and Losers

$8.26

Unit price
per

79% off est. retail
If you're intrigued by the interplay of culture, identity, and economics on a global scale, "The Global Me" is for you. G. Pascal Zachary's insights will expand your understanding of why embracing diversity isn't just socially responsible but also a key driver of success in modern economies. With compelling stories and real-world examples, this book isn't just an intellectual exercise; it's a vibrant exploration of how 'mongrel' identities shape our world.
Property Smart - Learn The Rules Of The Real Estate Game ; Consumers Are The Key Players - Thryft

Regular price $10.90 $3.90 64% off

Unit price
per

"Property Smart" might resonate with you if you're aiming to navigate the often-intimidating world of real estate with confidence. Terry Ryder offers practical guidance that demystifies the buying and selling process, empowering you with the knowledge to make savvy investment decisions. Whether you're just starting out or looking to sharpen your property portfolio strategy, this book could prove to be an invaluable asset.
Managerial Accounting - Thryft
Carl S. Warren | Mcgraw-hill Education

Managerial Accounting

Regular price $5.90 $3.90 34% off

Unit price
per

Goodreads rating: 3.33

Regular price $5.90 $3.90 34% off

Unit price
per

Managerial Accounting Textbook
Likelihood-Based Inference in Cointegrated Vector Autoregressive Models

$46.90

Unit price
per

61% off est. retail
If you're delving into econometrics, Johansen's work is seminal. It addresses the complexity of cointegration within vector autoregressive models by using a distinct likelihood-based approach. Moreover, it's not merely theoretical; it provides tools that you can practically apply to economic time series data, making it a valuable resource for both students and professionals in the field.
Assessing China's Power
Jae Ho Chung | Palgrave Macmillan

Assessing China's Power

$30.90

Unit price
per

Goodreads rating: 3.0

$30.90

Unit price
per

59% off est. retail
If you're intrigued by international relations and the shifting dynamics of global power, this book provides a noteworthy analysis that could broaden your understanding. It's particularly compelling if you're interested in objective comparisons and educated forecasts that might challenge or confirm your preconceptions about East-West relations and where they could be headed.
The New Competitors : How Foreign Investors are Changing the Us Economy - Thryft
Norman J. Glickman | Basic Books

The New Competitors : How Foreign Investors are Changing the Us Economy

Regular price $5.90 $3.90 34% off

Unit price
per

Goodreads rating: 3.0

Regular price $5.90 $3.90 34% off

Unit price
per

Economics, Globalization

Unlock the World of Economics

At Thryft, our Economics collection opens up pathways to understanding complex economic theories and real-world applications. Whether you’re interested in microeconomics, macroeconomics, or behavioural economics, our carefully curated selection is designed to enrich your knowledge. Discover works from Nobel laureates and renowned economists that are essential for students, professionals, and enthusiasts who crave a deeper understanding of the economy.